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H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h5>\n
Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay th\u01b0\u1eddng pha tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1ecb rang k\u00e9m ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\nNh\u01b0ng theo th\u1eddi gian, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay mu\u1ed1n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c hay xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\nNhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 rang xay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t cho espresso c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay mu\u1ed1n cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ly espresso c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t.<\/span><\/p>\nT\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso?<\/h5>\n
Espresso ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 y\u00eau th\u00edch c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 millennials \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi espresso, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng espresso qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 7% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2023. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\nDavide Covelli, ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu Garage Coffee Brothers Roasters t\u1ea1i Verona, \u00dd, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u00dd n\u0103m 2020, cho bi\u1ebft m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo m\u00f9a, c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay duy tr\u00ec c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\nJoe Molloy, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Rumble Coffee Roasters t\u1ea1i Melbourne, \u00dac, cho bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p mang l\u1ea1i “s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1eefa. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi s\u1eefa v\u00e0 mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t ly c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ngon khi u\u1ed1ng \u0111en.” Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t ly \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c \u0110i\u1ec3m Chung<\/h5>\n
Lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, bao g\u1ed3m nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nh\u00e0 rang xay th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p, lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, v.v. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso n\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/span><\/p>\nJan Cort tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1c t\u1eeb 83 tr\u1edf l\u00ean. \u00d4ng \u01b0a th\u00edch “m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Brazil ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, pha tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1eeb Trung ho\u1eb7c Nam M\u1ef9,” v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 70% Brazil, 20% Tanzania v\u00e0 10% El Salvador, ho\u1eb7c 80% Brazil v\u00e0 20% Colombia.<\/span><\/p>\nDavid n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng anh \u1ea5y tin r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u” khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso. Anh \u1ea5y \u01b0a th\u00edch nh\u1eefng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o, \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 trong khi anh \u1ea5y c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt chua v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafng h\u01a1n, anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p n\u00ean n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Anh \u1ea5y tin r\u1eb1ng khi t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 mua \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/span><\/p>\nHi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, David cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n theo m\u00f9a cho c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p theo m\u00f9a bao g\u1ed3m 60% Brazilian Carmo de Minas Pulped Natural, 20% Ethiopian Cherbessa Washed, v\u00e0 20% Ethiopian Bashasha Natural, trong khi H\u1ed7n H\u1ee3p C\u1eeda H\u00e0ng C\u00e0 Ph\u00ea bao g\u1ed3m 90% Arabica (Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala) v\u00e0 10% Robusta cao c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Robusta cao c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u1edbp crema, m\u1ee9c caffeine, v\u00e0 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0.<\/span><\/p>\nS\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. David s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai ho\u1eb7c ba lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Brazil kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c anh \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, anh \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/span><\/p>\nJan Cort s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a ba lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n: “\u0110\u00f4i khi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 hai, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd h\u01a1n ba. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong 20g espresso.”<\/span><\/p>\nKhi t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Jean Cote \u01b0u ti\u00ean “\u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 phong ph\u00fa” v\u00ec anh \u1ea5y tin r\u1eb1ng “H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. T\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n cung \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ebfm th\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rang, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong khi gi\u1eef ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n.”<\/span><\/p>\nKhi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, anh \u1ea5y n\u00f3i, “Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, t\u00f4i th\u00edch c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch t\u1eeb Guatemala (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Huehuetenango) v\u00e0 Colombia, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Brazil, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eadm v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00f4 c\u00f4 la m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau th\u00edch.”<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n
M\u1eb9o Rang H\u1ed7n H\u1ee3p Espresso<\/h5>\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho espresso; n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi. Tinh ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 sai s\u00f3t, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\nRang nh\u1eb9 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 chua v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 s\u1eefa, v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m tinh t\u1ebf h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang cho h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian rang l\u00e2u h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Maillard d\u00e0i h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eafng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n rang n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfm th\u1eed v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra trong c\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh.<\/span><\/p>\nC\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i espresso m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 tinh ch\u1ec9nh n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p espresso c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang b\u1ea1n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n