{"id":7184,"date":"2023-08-07T20:36:07","date_gmt":"2023-08-07T13:36:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/?p=7184"},"modified":"2024-05-17T13:54:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T06:54:08","slug":"tai-sao-lai-la-espresso","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/tai-sao-lai-la-espresso\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Espresso?"},"content":{"rendered":"
Caff\u00e9 Espresso, \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9c u\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t nghi l\u1ec5, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 pha ch\u1ebf trong m\u01a1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ea7n b\u00ed. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7y tranh c\u00e3i, \u00a0nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t (Shanna Germain SCA).<\/span><\/p>\n T\u1eeb khi n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao Espresso l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u00f4n th\u1edd trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 xe h\u01a1i, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1, th\u1eddi trang & \u1ea9m th\u1ef1c, c\u00e1c ng\u00f4i sao m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i \u1edf \u00dd,\u00a0c\u00e0\u00a0<\/a>ph\u00ea\u00a0<\/a>Espresso<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh h\u00e0o quang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn mang v\u1ebb quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 c\u1ee7a \u00dd. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t bay b\u1ed5ng, phong c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 pha c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xoay quanh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh pha ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. \u00cdt ai ng\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng, v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 b\u1edfi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0y v\u00e0o v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n Xem x\u00e9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd trong\u00a0v\u0103n h\u00f3a Espresso<\/a><\/strong>, th\u1eadt ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 Anh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh ra ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y pha Espresso.<\/span><\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bernard Rabault ph\u00e1t minh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1822, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Edward Loysel c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i tri\u1ec5n l\u00e3m Paris v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1855. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay (ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh) l\u1ea1i t\u1ecf ra khinh mi\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y n\u00e0y, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc qua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn. Nguy\u00ean do l\u00e0 v\u00ec, Ward Andrew \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf n\u0103m 1841 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng pit-t\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh qua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n M\u00e1y pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea espresso \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bezzera v\u00e0 Pavoni gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 Milan 1906<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a\u00a0m\u00e1y pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Luigi Bezzera (t\u1ea1i \u00dd) v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1902. V\u00e0 m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945, Achille Gaggia m\u1edbi ngh\u0129 ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pit-t\u00f4ng l\u00f2 xo k\u00e9o tay \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. M\u00e1y pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc tinh ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 pha Espresso ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ebd cho ra m\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch Espresso b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 90-96o<\/sup>C d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p xu\u1ea5t 9atm (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi b\u01a1m th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c) ch\u1ea3y qua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xay trong 20-30 gi\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 pha Espresso, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi ho\u00e0ng kim c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e0u h\u1ecfa h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ti\u1ebfng anh \u201cexpresso\u201d (li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u) \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 trong khi t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n Oxford English Dictionaty \u00a0(v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c) cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u00e9p\u201d. Th\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc cho r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb n\u00e0y b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng ph\u00e1p \u2013 Espr\u00e9s c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c\u201d. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb .<\/span><\/p>\n B\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho Espresso l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n\u201d. M\u00e1y pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso c\u1ee7a Bezzera v\u00e0 Pavoni \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1906 m\u1ea5t 45 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 pha m\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha ch\u1ebf \u201ct\u01b0\u01a1i\u201d r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eebng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Espresso l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tinh vi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1.<\/span><\/p>\n Tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y s\u1ee7i b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 k\u00eau x\u00ec x\u00ec, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0 ki\u1ec3u ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y, pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 92-94o<\/sup>C. N\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u01b0\u01a1ng li\u1ec7u, v\u00ec v\u1eady nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 pha th\u1ea5p gi\u00fap gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tinh d\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc qua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u \u2013 v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng tan trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i trong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/a><\/p>\n Poster qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o m\u00e1y Espresso \u201c\u0111\u1eadm ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9\u201d c\u1ee7a Bezzera<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ecb c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u2013 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta tin r\u1eb1ng Carbon dioxide l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong Espresso c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng v\u00e0 l\u1edbp crema ng\u0103n c\u00e1c m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng bay \u0111i. \u0110\u1ed9 s\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1ea7u l\u00e0m s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb th\u1ea5m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 keo \u0111a t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a\u00a0Crema<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p kh\u00ed CO2<\/sub>\u00a0, d\u1ea7u n\u01b0\u1edbc & b\u1ecdt m\u1ecbn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 v\u1ecb th\u00f5a m\u00e3n sau khi u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u00fat. Do t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0caffeine<\/a>\u00a0c\u0169ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n 30-40% so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ed1t, ngay c\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i shot \u2013 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m h\u1ea1t, c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng con s\u1ed1 (60) m\u00e0 Beethoven \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 pha c\u1ed1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Espresso) cho ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n The Complexity of Coffee (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Scien American v\u00e0o 2002, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u2013 Ti\u1ebfn s\u00ed Ernesto Illy (ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Illycaff\u00e9 do cha \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1963) \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed3n m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o Espresso, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn pha ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau \u2013 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u1ed9i dung.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0\u201cBi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh t\u00fay c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 Espresso\u201d Illy vi\u1ebft v\u1edbi h\u01a1i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec3n vi, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 & \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y. V\u1edbi danh ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn Espresso tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef chung c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Illy vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u201cEspresso r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00ec tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. t\u1eeb\u00a0c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>\u0111\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha h\u00e3m & k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ecdc\u00a0pour-over<\/a><\/strong>. Bi\u1ebft Espresso l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi d\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n Ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt pha ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o nhu\u1ed1m m\u00e0u khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 Espresso trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u1ebfu ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Espresso, T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u00dd, Ph\u00e1p, T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, Espresso l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 theo c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng system. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng nghe th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u201cEspresso\u201d trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u00dd, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ccaff\u00e8\u201d \u2013 Theo Carlo Odello, Vi\u1ec7n Espresso Qu\u1ed1c gia T\u00e2y Ban Nha.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng xay, pha trong nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y Espresso. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i\u00a0single origin coffee<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0v\u1edbi m\u00e1y\u00a0<\/em>Espresso.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1eadt l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c s\u1eafc th\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. B\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso ngon l\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ed9n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Illy Caffe, Starbuck, Nespresso, hay b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea single origin n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso; Danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, Espresso kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 pha ch\u1ebf m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n Ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. C\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920, \u00dd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o nh\u1ea5t Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 \u0111ang u\u1ed1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh \u2013 qu\u1ed1c gia u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e2m c\u0103n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ebf\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng di d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn Brazil cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed1i giao h\u1ea3o v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u00a0Arabica<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930 t\u1ea1i Abyssinia \u2013 nay l\u00e0\u00a0Ethiopia<\/a><\/strong>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00dd \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00e1c bi\u00eat l\u00e0 \u1edf vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cblend\u201d nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed1i d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u2013 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y d\u1eabn d\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n\u00a0<\/strong>c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4<\/strong><\/a>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 cho ra lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso ph\u1ed1i tr\u1ed9n ngon, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cao c\u1ea5p xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Espresso l\u00e0 l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu \u0111i c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Robusta gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1edbi khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng Espresso c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Robusta v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh & \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1edbp crema.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00e1c h\u00e3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ng\u1ea1i ng\u00f9ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Robusta, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn mu\u1ed1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd lu\u00f4n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Arabica nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u2013 Antony Wild<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n Ngay c\u1ea3 Mark Pendergast trong Uncommon Grounds (H\u00e0nh Tr\u00ecnh C\u00e0 Ph\u00ea) c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1eb1ng Espresso l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 che \u0111\u1eady s\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea k\u00e9m ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u201cCho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1930, nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y Espresso c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5t ra 1.000 c\u1ed1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 tung t\u0103ng kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean to\u00e0n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0\u00a0 h\u00e0ng Italia t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c pha ch\u1ebf nhanh ch\u00f3ng, t\u1eadp trung n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t k\u00e9m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ; Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea\u00a0Robusta<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb l\u1ea1i cho ra nhi\u1ec1u crema h\u01a1n\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1 tri\u1ec3n \u1edf \u00dd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. V\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7u h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m d\u1ebfn\u00a0Specialty coffee<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0v\u1edbi v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb Espresso l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ngon, tuy nhi\u00ean, trong khi Espresso che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea k\u00e9m, n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea h\u1ea3o h\u1ea1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n C\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 l\u00e0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso,\u00a0th\u00ec li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Espresso \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t Specialty coffee?<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n\u0110\u1ecbnh danh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Espresso<\/h3>\n
Espresso \u2013 Esperanto* c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/span><\/h3>\n
Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Espresso<\/h3>\n
Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u00ednh t\u00fay c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/span><\/h3>\n
L\u00fd gi\u1ea3i cho cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Espresso<\/h3>\n
Espresso v\u00e0 \u201cb\u00ed thu\u1eadt\u201d t\u1eeb blend coffee<\/span><\/h3>\n
Ni\u1ec1m tin hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng m\u1edbi cho Espresso<\/h3>\n
M\u1ed9t \u201cSpecialty Espresso\u201d t\u1eeb \u201cSpecialty coffee\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n