{"id":7262,"date":"2023-09-04T15:55:05","date_gmt":"2023-09-04T08:55:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/?p=7262"},"modified":"2024-05-17T13:54:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T06:54:08","slug":"xac-dinh-gia-tri-cua-ca-phe-dac-san","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/xac-dinh-gia-tri-cua-ca-phe-dac-san\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201cGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u201d c\u1ee7a C\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, SCA \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cC\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn nh\u1edd c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong>.\u201d \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1\u00a0c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ed5 sung m\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra: m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u2013 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c? \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u0111\u00f3?<\/span><\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea theo nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh \u2013 t\u1eeb h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, t\u00ednh k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 theo m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, r\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n. May m\u1eafn thay, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc. V\u00e0 may m\u1eafn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i ba \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y: con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/span><\/p>\n

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C\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 bao nhi\u00eau? c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed cung, c\u1ea7u, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n; nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u2013 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed mang t\u00ednh tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc – SCA<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u \u201cgi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u201d kh\u00e1c nhau trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/h4>\n

\u0110\u00f4i khi, t\u1ea1i qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n cho ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 xem danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i r\u01b0\u1ee3u kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng: gi\u00e1 cho bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a\u00a0c\u00e0 ph\u00ea th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/a><\/strong>, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u2013 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt rang, nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n l\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0ng ai quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1? Ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong t\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f2n tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c \u2013 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch khi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao ngh\u1ec1 pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n ho\u00e1, \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng coi \u201cgi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf\u201d (hay gi\u00e1 ti\u1ec1n) l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 do gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n: v\u1edbi Kil\u00f4gam, \u0110\u00f4 la v\u00e0 Euro, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m hay t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u00ec sao? Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong c\u00e1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 v\u1eady d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o ch\u1ee7 quan v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t, x\u1ea5u hay t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 \u2013 m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng xoay quanh vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c gi\u1eefa ki\u1ec3u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau n\u00e0y, chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea cao c\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n khi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng tr\u1ea3 th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u1eb1m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m quan ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n (hay kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng), m\u00e0 n\u1eb1m \u1edf vi\u1ec7c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (kinh t\u1ebf)<\/h4>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n \u0111ang v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n cho gi\u00e1 (ti\u1ec1n) trong giao d\u1ecbch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u00e1 C t\u1ea1i New York<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea arabica \u0111\u00e3 qua s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00f3ng bao, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong Gi\u00e1 C. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0y, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t danh m\u1ee5c c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 giao d\u1ecbch. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ai \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra bao c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u00f9i v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a l\u00e0m tham chi\u1ebfu cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m, v\u00ec\u00a0Specialty Coffee<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao d\u1ecbch d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1?<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb xa x\u01b0a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ng\u00e0y nay, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn mang gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u2013 h\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0ng, kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 quy \u01b0\u1edbc b\u1edfi v\u0103n h\u00f3a: ch\u00fang ta (\u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m) \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u00f3. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, c\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 xem x\u00e9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/span><\/h4>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean quan s\u00e1t t\u00ednh li\u00ean quan gi\u1eefa kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, bao g\u1ed3m\u00a0Adam Smith<\/a>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0Karl Marx<\/a>, \u0111\u00e3 coi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ed1n b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb lao \u0111\u1ed9ng (c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (h\u00e3y xem th\u1eed\u00a0b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y<\/a><\/strong>). Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. D\u00f9 cho m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf Trung m\u1ef9, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai cao 1350m so v\u1edbi m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec3m cupping c\u1ee7a SCA, gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u1eabn s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u1ecdc hoang d\u00e3 trong c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi \u1edf Ethiopia.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ho\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i \u00edch. T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng mang l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, th\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c k\u00e9m l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. L\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t\u00a0caffeine<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t l\u00ean c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n cho tr\u00ed \u00f3c, t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng cho c\u01a1 b\u1eafp, v.v\u2026 N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u00eam sinh l\u1ef1c cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh d\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 xao n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Adam Smith \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y trong ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh:\u00a0N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh, th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc?<\/em>\u00a0Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trao \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng (ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 xa x\u1ec9) v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n \u2013 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng coi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a cung v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u: ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 khan hi\u1ebfm kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 t\u0103ng cao. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecf qua c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec t\u1ea1o ra nhu c\u1ea7u, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 khan hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong mu\u1ed1n!<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi \u201cgi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u201d ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quan?<\/h4>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta coi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ni\u1ec1m vui m\u00e0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea mang l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sinh h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh h\u01a1n \u2013 s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c s\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7u, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u1ee7 quan kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng mong mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea9m sinh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng rung c\u1ea3m v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u2013 nh\u1eefng rung c\u1ea3m m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i duy nh\u1ea5t, b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn\u00a0Carl Menger<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0Georg Simmel<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u00fd th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 quan v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ee7 quan v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb<\/a>)<\/strong>. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n: c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 kinh doanh, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt rang v\u00e0 pha ch\u1ebf th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, v.v\u2026 Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean coi nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e1nh kh\u00f3e ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb (ngay c\u1ea3 khi ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00f3). Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt!<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, khi s\u1edf th\u00edch h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m,\u00a0terroir<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>\u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea cao c\u1ea5p, lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 v\u1edbi h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1eeb ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c canh t\u00e1c, gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, v.v\u2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o\u00a0terroir<\/a><\/strong>; C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 rang, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c \u201ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3\u201d \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ch quan, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m lu m\u1edd s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1edb tr\u00eau l\u00e0 trong khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea c\u0169ng \u0111ang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Qua vi\u1ec7c kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh, h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng nhau t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1, h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00e0o s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu trong m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00e0o th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/h4>\n

Ngo\u00e0i thu nh\u1eadp m\u00e0 n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f2n mang l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean Guatemala \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n v\u1edbi danh hi\u1ec7u \u201cSpeiclaty Coffee\u201d b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3; cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch\u00a0Making Better Coffee<\/em>\u00a0c\u1ee7a\u00a0Edward Ted Fischer<\/em>\u00a0cho th\u1ea5y gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh \u0110\u00f4 la theo c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Maya \u1edf Guatemala \u2013 b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u2013 b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 theo m\u00f9a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990 v\u00e0 2000, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee5c di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng s\u01b0\u1eddn n\u00fai d\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n 1350m tr\u00ean m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n \u2013 n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya \u0111\u00e3 di c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 trong nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Maya khi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 b\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1eafc m\u1ef9.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, khi nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean. H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb tinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean Maya, \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 cao ng\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1edfng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1\u00a0terroir<\/em>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u2013 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n g\u1eafn v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean quanh h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n minh cho t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ea3m quan. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Maya g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn h\u1ecd thi\u1ebfu v\u1ed1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean c\u1ea5t l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n b\u00e9o b\u1edf.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n (kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Maya \u1edf Guatemala), c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh h\u01a1n ng\u00f4 \u2013 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o khi k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u00f9a v\u1ee5 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u2013 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecu m\u1ebfn. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n n\u00e0y\u00a0duy tr\u00ec quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5t canh t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u00a0N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u00a0c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm th\u00eam thu nh\u1eadp trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n, ni\u1ec1m tin l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef (v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng) \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. T\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, khi m\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 may m\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 cao \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 vi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Maya h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. H\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0\u00a0Edward Ted Fischer<\/em>\u00a0m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng hy v\u1ecdng, \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/span><\/p>\n

Xem x\u00e9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/h4>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea h\u1ecd tr\u1ed3ng mang nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a phi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ho\u00e1, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2013 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf.\u00a0V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng th\u1ee9 ba kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u00e1n nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00fang. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd d\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n v\u00e0\u00a0ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m \u2013 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i\u00a0gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.\u00a0Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft\u00a0\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb\u00a0th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u00a0nh\u01b0ng\u00a0c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh\u00a0n\u00f3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt \u2013 d\u1ecbch t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng g\u1eafn b\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u1eddi gian, v.v.., k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o v\u00f4 t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

Anna Lowenhaupt Tsing \u2013 nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9<\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, \u0111an xen v\u00e0o\u00a0nhau.\u00a0Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n\u00a0g\u1eafn v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ni\u1ec1m tin t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7\u00a0v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.\u00a0T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh;\u00a0n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0\u00a0s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng ho\u00e0 (trong \u00fd th\u1ee9c) v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc,\u00a0\u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u201cc\u00e0 ph\u00ea ngon\u201d kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh gi\u1eefa n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 rang xay v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta, m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh cho ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 pha ch\u1ebf c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/h4>\n

NGU\u1ed2N THAM KH\u1ea2O:<\/h4>\n

https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/xac-dinh-gia-tri-cua-ca-phe-dac-san.html<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00e0o n\u0103m 2021, SCA \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":205,"featured_media":7264,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":""},"categories":[742],"tags":[],"lang":"vi","translations":{"vi":7262},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7262"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/205"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7262"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7262\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7663,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7262\/revisions\/7663"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7264"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7262"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7262"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7262"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}