{"id":7273,"date":"2023-09-04T16:42:55","date_gmt":"2023-09-04T09:42:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/?p=7273"},"modified":"2024-05-17T13:54:07","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T06:54:07","slug":"anh-huong-cua-do-am-doi-voi-qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/anh-huong-cua-do-am-doi-voi-qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe\/","title":{"rendered":"\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n xanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, thu mua, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 rang xay. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. N\u1ebfu c\u00e0 ph\u00ea qu\u00e1 \u1ea9m (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 cao h\u01a1n 12,5%) ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u0169ng g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 kinh doanh v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160212.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7275 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160212-300x201.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"893\" height=\"598\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160212-300x201.png 300w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160212-768x514.png 768w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160212-600x402.png 600w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160212.png 948w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" \/><em>T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c C\u00e0 ph\u00ea Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (<\/em><\/a><em><a href=\"https:\/\/acrobat.adobe.com\/link\/review?uri=urn:aaid:scds:US:c87b79b2-c571-477c-a1cd-796fe4099816\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">ICO<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160212.png\">) quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1eeb 8,0\u201312,5%. | \u1ea2nh\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/@michael-burrows\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Michael Burrows<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay \u2013 g\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m.\u00a0M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i\u00a0duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u00f4 h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.\u00a0M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c \u2013 ch\u1ec9 trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, m\u00e1y rang ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m\u00a0lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u01a1i \u1ea9m ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ea1t\u00a0th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao.\u00a0Trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00fat n\u00e0y, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn (m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng) n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i qua trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng; qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u1eed \u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea9m m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t t\u00edch tr\u1eef.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Th\u1eadt d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 rang xay n\u00ean quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.\u00a0Nh\u01b0ng con s\u1ed1 do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00fd \u2013 ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh l\u00e0 s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian nh\u01b0ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tham chi\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u chu\u1ea9n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh kh\u00e1c (<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iso.org\/obp\/ui\/#iso:std:iso:24115:ed-1:v1:en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">ISO, 2012<\/a>). Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e2n m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n, kho\u1ea3ng 10 gram.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cho v\u00e0o l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf 105\u00b0C trong 16 gi\u1edd.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">C\u00e2n m\u1eabu l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau khi s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i do c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng rang l\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111i\u1ec7n dung \u2013 g\u1ecdi \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc chung l\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ebd \u0111o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef gi\u1eefa hai t\u1ea5m kim lo\u1ea1i. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u00edch m\u00e0 l\u1edbp c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y bu\u1ed3ng \u0111o \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1y \u0111o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160410.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7276 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160410-300x252.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"907\" height=\"762\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160410-300x252.png 300w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160410-768x646.png 768w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160410-600x504.png 600w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160410.png 947w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 907px) 100vw, 907px\" \/><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>\u0110o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n | \u1ea2nh\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.baristahustle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">b<\/a><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.baristahustle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">aristahubstle<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t l\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e1y \u0111o v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhau \u2013 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u1edf c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eabu b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y \u0111o m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebfn c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p \u0111o.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea gi\u1ea3m trong su\u1ed1t\u00a0<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe-va-nhung-van-de-co-ban.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi rang \u0111\u1eadm, m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i trong h\u1ea1t sau khi rang. C\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m t\u1eeb 1\u20133%, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n rang (<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/B9780124095175000279?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Wang v\u00e0 Lim 2015<\/a><\/strong>). Trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n rang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u00e0u h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgiai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m kh\u00f4\u201d (drying phase) \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y n\u00ean nh\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201crang \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4\u201d v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc sang m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c bay h\u01a1i trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. Do \u0111\u00f3, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i nhanh h\u01a1n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang (<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wiley.com\/en-us\/Coffee%3A+Recent+Developments-p-9780632055531\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong>Eggers v\u00e0 Pietsch 2001<\/strong><\/a>), v\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n rang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00f4 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m gi\u1eefa h\u1ea1t n\u00e0y v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c \u2013 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t, nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau (<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0260877418300219?via%3Dihub\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Caporaso &amp; c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 2018<\/a><\/strong>). Khi \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160743.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7277 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160743-233x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"521\" height=\"671\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160743-233x300.png 233w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160743-600x772.png 600w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160743.png 663w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 521px) 100vw, 521px\" \/>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y \u1ea3nh si\u00eau quang ph\u1ed5 | \u1ea2nh\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S0260877418300219?via%3Dihub#fig4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Caporaso &amp; c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2018)<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-color\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">(a) h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a hat c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i quang ph\u1ed5; (b) h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u2013 \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u1eb9t; (c) \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a hat \u2013 m\u1eb7t l\u1ed3i; (d) m\u1eabu c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u1ea9m (n\u1eefa tr\u00ean) m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 trong t\u1ee7 s\u1ea5y (n\u1eefa d\u01b0\u1edbi). C\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m (%).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. N\u1ebfu h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao h\u01a1n khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u rang, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. Lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed cao h\u01a1n trong m\u00e1y rang c\u0169ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t \u1ea9m t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t <strong>(<\/strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wiley.com\/en-us\/Coffee%3A+Recent+Developments-p-9780632055531\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><strong>Eggers v\u00e0 Pietsch 2001<\/strong><\/a>). Tuy nhi\u00ean, Theo Scott Rao \u2013 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch The Coffee Roaster\u2019s Companion (2014), s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y rang kh\u00e1c nhau \u2013 v\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u00e1y rang kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (m\u00e1y rang t\u1ea7ng s\u00f4i) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y rang tr\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf trong c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t lu\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed tr\u00ean m\u00e1y rang tr\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea5t \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160946.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7278 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160946-300x190.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"927\" height=\"587\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160946-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160946-600x381.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 927px) 100vw, 927px\" \/>Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 rang trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4 so v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m. Trong m\u00e1y rang kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang nhanh h\u01a1n khi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed rang \u1ea9m h\u01a1n. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 rang trong bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. | \u1ea2nh\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.baristahustle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">baristahubstle<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-160946.png\">.<\/a><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u00f4i \u1edf 100\u00b0C<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m l\u00e0 khi n\u00f3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, lo\u1ea1i h\u01a1i \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean bay h\u01a1i l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201ct\u1ef1 do\u201d trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. N\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u2013 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 ph\u00e9p \u0111o\u00a0<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/anh-huong-cua-do-am-doi-voi-qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe.html#aw\" rel=\"nofollow\">ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nhanh h\u01a1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng l\u00ean. \u1ede \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00f4i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean 100\u00b0C; v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, n\u01b0\u1edbc trong n\u1ed3i h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y pha c\u00e0 ph\u00ea espresso c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi 120\u00b0C tr\u1edf l\u00ean. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean s\u1ebd ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do bay h\u01a1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00ean 100\u00b0C. \u00c1p su\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t n\u1edf ra, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng g\u00e2y ra v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea9y nhanh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-161106.png\">C\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao v\u1eeba cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eeba y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. | \u1ea2nh\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.baristahustle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">b<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.baristahustle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">aristahubstle<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-161106.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7279 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-161106-300x181.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"895\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-161106-300x181.png 300w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-161106-768x463.png 768w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-161106-600x362.png 600w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-161106.png 948w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 895px) 100vw, 895px\" \/>C\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao v\u1eeba cho ph\u00e9p v\u1eeba y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. | \u1ea2nh\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.baristahustle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">b<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.baristahustle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">aristahubstle<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do, h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cli\u00ean k\u1ebft\u201d \u2013 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t. N\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i h\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o \u201cb\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u00e0o, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd cao h\u01a1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y rang c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang cao h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed kh\u00f4. Nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i) cao h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, n\u00f3 mang nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t cho h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u00ean trong m\u00e1y rang c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao h\u01a1n, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat <strong>(<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.research-collection.ethz.ch\/handle\/20.500.11850\/144592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Schenker 2000<\/a>)<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>M\u00e1y rang tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean trong bu\u1ed3ng rang \u1ea9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y rang kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p><cite><a href=\"https:\/\/www.research-collection.ethz.ch\/handle\/20.500.11850\/144592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">Schenker 2000<\/a><\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n c\u00e0ng cao th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t v\u00e0o t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t trong th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u01a1i \u1ea9m bay h\u01a1i. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao h\u01a1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t dung ri\u00eang cao h\u01a1n \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00ean m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3,\u00a0<strong>c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao v\u1eeba cho ph\u00e9p \u2013 v\u1eeba \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n<\/strong>\u00a0trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u rang, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng nhanh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf g\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t truy\u1ec1n ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m g\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t bay h\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf ph\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ed1c h\u01a1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t\u201d (evaporation front). M\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162348.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7280 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162348-300x163.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"852\" height=\"463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162348-300x163.png 300w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162348-768x417.png 768w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162348-600x326.png 600w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162348.png 952w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 852px) 100vw, 852px\" \/>H\u00ecnh minh h\u1ecda \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1i \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea (m\u1eb7t c\u1eaft ngang c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Trong minh ho\u1ea1 tr\u00ean, m\u00e0u xanh l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t; m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t. \u1ede l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t (1), c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t n\u1edf ra, x\u1ed1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m th\u1ea5p n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ean trong (2). Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t (3) \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao h\u01a1n l\u1edbp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t h\u01a1n. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea s\u1ebd kh\u00f4 d\u1ea7n t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0o trong, trong khi trung t\u00e2m v\u1eabn ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hai h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 1: R\u00e0o c\u1ea3n h\u1ea5p thu nhi\u1ec7t<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u01a1i \u1ea9m g\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t s\u1ebd bay h\u01a1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf ph\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t. Do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u1ea1t. Khi l\u1edbp b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m h\u1ea1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t, n\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra \u201cb\u1ed1c h\u01a1i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t\u201d, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi l\u1edbp b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean do \u201cx\u00ec h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t n\u1edf ra v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean x\u1ed1p h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 x\u1ed1p c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7t. T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p hai t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y, khi l\u1edbp b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4, tho\u00e1t h\u01a1i \u1ea9m v\u00e0 d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t k\u00e9m, s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. V\u1edbi b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea1t n\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed9i d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o t\u00e2m. Ph\u1ea7n l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t, n\u01a1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1ea9m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c, s\u1ebd d\u1eabn nhi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t, v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft, h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ea1t).<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 2: V\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc bay h\u01a1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i cao su sang tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u00f2n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee7y tinh (<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Glass_transition\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">glass transition<\/a><\/strong>). Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea9m \u2013 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u01a1n, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp th\u1ee7y tinh x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162537.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7281 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162537-235x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"875\" height=\"1117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162537-235x300.png 235w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162537-600x767.png 600w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-162537.png 760w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 875px) 100vw, 875px\" \/>Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc li\u00ean k\u1ebft t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do. N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u0169ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam \u00e1p su\u1ea5t t\u00edch t\u1ee5 b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. | \u1ea2nh:\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/shootx2\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Andy Pang<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ee7y tinh khi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m h\u01a1n, tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ebbo v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1edf ra khi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng l\u00ean. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, l\u1edbp b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t v\u1eabn gi\u00f2n v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 n\u1edf ra \u0111\u00f3. Khi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t t\u0103ng l\u00ean,\u00a0<em>\u1ee9ng su\u1ea5t<\/em>\u00a0(c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t) s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean khi v\u00f9ng b\u00ean trong c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb l\u1edbp ngo\u00e0i gi\u00f2n h\u01a1n ng\u0103n l\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0020746218306474\" rel=\"nofollow\">Fadai &amp; c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 2019<\/a><\/strong>).<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u00e1p su\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 25 bar*), \u00e1p l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u1edf ra. Khi th\u00e0nh cellulose c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o nh\u00e2n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00e3n ra xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00e1c v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, \u0111\u1ea9y h\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u00ed ra ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o, t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ed9p b\u1ed9p m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c<em>first crack<\/em>\u201d hay v\u1ebft n\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean .<\/p>\n<p><cite><a href=\"https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/san-pham\/sach-khoa-hoc-ca-phe\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u00e0 ph\u00ea, 2023<\/a><\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0\u00a0<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/anh-huong-cua-do-am-doi-voi-qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe.html#aw\" rel=\"nofollow\">ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>\u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. N\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Maillard. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c (nh\u01b0 caramel) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec5n ra ch\u00fang.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f9 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc \u2013 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 rang xay cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao h\u01a1n trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u00e0 ph\u00ea rang t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-163449.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7283 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-163449-300x224.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"904\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-163449-300x224.png 300w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-163449-768x574.png 768w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-163449-600x448.png 600w, https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Screenshot-2023-09-04-163449.png 952w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" \/>Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cd\u1ec5 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn\u201d c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u2013 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. | \u1ea2nh:\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pexels.com\/@hannoversche-kaffeemanufaktur-105198307\/\" rel=\"nofollow\">Hannoversche Kaffeemanufaktur<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>T<span style=\"color: #000000;\">rong khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n xanh (phong tr\u00e0o h\u1ea5p c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi rang \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb, th\u00ec c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang (v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u00ec l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?), hay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u00ecn chung, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u201cC\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb (cupping) n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 h\u01a1n\u201d <strong>(<\/strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/christopherferan.com\/2020\/02\/18\/so-a-coffee-walks-into-a-sauna\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>Christopher<\/strong> <strong>Feran 2021<\/strong><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang t\u1ea1o ra th\u00eam n\u01b0\u1edbc, khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1edbi 40% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tho\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang <strong>(<a rel=\"nofollow\" style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2005.tb07084.x\">Geiger &amp; c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 2005<\/a>)<\/strong>. Do \u0111\u00f3, ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh kh\u00f4 nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i t\u1eeb h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 h\u01a1i \u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. Khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bay h\u01a1i, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n<p><cite><a rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/ift.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1365-2621.2005.tb07084.x\">Geiger &amp; c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 2005<\/a><\/cite><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bay h\u01a1i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng \u0111ang c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c do n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c thay v\u00ec bay h\u01a1i.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Maillard<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Maillard. C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea9m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Maillard di\u1ec5n ra. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Maillard di\u1ec5n ra nhanh nh\u1ea5t khi\u00a0<strong><a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/anh-huong-cua-do-am-doi-voi-qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe.html#aw\" rel=\"nofollow\">ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a><\/strong>** n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 0,65 \u0111\u1ebfn 0,75 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 0,3 (<strong><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-2578-0_4\" target=\"_blank\">Wong v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 2015<\/a>)<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">V\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Maillard ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea9m nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang khi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m gi\u1ea3m. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p m\u00f9i th\u01a1m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng Maillard t\u1ea1o ra, khi axit amin v\u00e0 carbohydrate \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111un n\u00f3ng c\u00f9ng nhau\u00a0trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m\u00a0<strong>(<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s002170050324\" target=\"_blank\">Hofmann v\u00e0 Schieberle 1998<\/a><\/strong>). Tuy nhi\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n rang \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh hay kh\u00f4ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c trong h\u1ea1t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y axit chlorogenic \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang. Nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng di\u1ec5n ra nhanh h\u01a1n \u1edf \u00e1p su\u1ea5t cao h\u01a1n (<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/chapter\/10.1007\/978-94-009-4948-5_5\" target=\"_blank\">Clifford 1985<\/a>). \u00c1p su\u1ea5t cao t\u00edch t\u1ee5 b\u00ean trong h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang do \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng n\u00e0y (<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.routledge.com\/Drying-and-Roasting-of-Cocoa-and-Coffee\/Hii-Borem\/p\/book\/9781138080973\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\"><strong>Farah 2020<\/strong><\/a>).<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-dots\" \/>\n<div class=\"wp-block-spacer\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h4 id=\"aw\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u01b0u \u00fd v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h4>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ho%E1%BA%A1t_%C4%91%E1%BB%99_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/a><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0(<em>water activity\u00a0<\/em>\u2013 k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 a<sub>w<\/sub>) l\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u201ct\u1ef1 do\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201ckh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc\u201d trong s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m. Theo thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i ri\u00eang ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft (a<sub>w<\/sub>= p\/p*; v\u1edbi p: l\u00e0 \u00e1p xu\u1ea5t h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m; p* l\u00e0 \u00e1p su\u1ea5t h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft \u1edf c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n). \u1ede \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u00e1p xu\u1ea5t h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc tinh khi\u1ebft lu\u00f4n = 1, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m lu\u00f4n \u2264 1. C\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 10-12%, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf kho\u1ea3ng 0.45 \u2013 0.55.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 vi sinh v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, a<sub>w<\/sub>\u00a0c\u00e0ng cao, c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft vi khu\u1ea9n th\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u a<sub>w<\/sub>\u00a0\u2265 0.91 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, vi n\u1ea5m th\u00ec c\u1ea7n a<sub>w<\/sub>\u00a0\u2265 0.7, khi a<sub>w<\/sub>\u00a0&lt;0,60, vi sinh v\u1eadt g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0110\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n (SCA) quy \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Specialty Coffee ph\u1ea3i &lt;0,7, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m 10-12,5%.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Ngo\u00e0i ra, do vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m trong m\u1ed9t l\u00f4 h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n (ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u0111o \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m), nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 20 ph\u00fat \u2013 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n (v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111o ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n). N\u00ean m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u00f5.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>NGU\u1ed2N THAM KH\u1ea2O:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/anh-huong-cua-do-am-doi-voi-qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe.html\" rel=\"nofollow\">https:\/\/primecoffea.com\/anh-huong-cua-do-am-doi-voi-qua-trinh-rang-ca-phe.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u00a0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea9m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u00e2n xanh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":205,"featured_media":7283,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":""},"categories":[742],"tags":[],"lang":"vi","translations":{"vi":7273},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7273"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/205"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7273"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7719,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7273\/revisions\/7719"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}