{"id":8416,"date":"2023-12-26T21:26:59","date_gmt":"2023-12-26T14:26:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/?p=8416"},"modified":"2024-05-17T13:54:03","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T06:54:03","slug":"ca-phe-va-ben-vung","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/ca-phe-va-ben-vung\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p sinh k\u1ebf cho h\u01a1n 250 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c, qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. C\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129, \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a giao ti\u1ebfp tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n k\u00edch th\u00edch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. Trong n\u0103m 2020, kho\u1ea3ng 170 tri\u1ec7u bao c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh (\u1edf tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 60kg) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Arabica chi\u1ebfm 96 tri\u1ec7u (56%) v\u00e0 Canephora chi\u1ebfm 74 tri\u1ec7u (43%). S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea Liberica v\u1eabn chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 1% c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eadp trung \u1edf Malaysia, Indonesia v\u00e0 Philippines.<\/p>\n

20% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i l\u1edbn, trong khi 80% \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 si\u00eau nh\u1ecf. 80% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 si\u00eau nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 cung v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i l\u1edbn. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edbng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u0169ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 “Arabica” v\u00e0 “Robusta” – \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 sai. R\u01b0\u1ee3u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 r\u01b0\u1ee3u tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chia th\u00e0nh r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ecf v\u00e0 Riesling. Thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef “Robusta” trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i). T\u00ean ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho hai lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 “Arabica” v\u00e0 “Canephora” – v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t “100% r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ecf” c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t. Ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi r\u01b0\u1ee3u – c\u00f3 250 lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 10,000 gi\u1ed1ng – v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n trong kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u01a1n trong c\u1eeda h\u00e0ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty con ch\u00fang t\u00f4i “The Coffee Store”.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea – h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i. Gi\u00e1 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Trong khi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng l\u00ean, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t cho c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng t\u0103ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00ec c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i – ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea gi\u00e0 k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch, khi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i l\u00e1i xe v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb b\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe t\u1ea3i m\u1edbi – khi \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 s\u1edf h\u1eefu trang tr\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea7n jean t\u1eeb ti\u1ec1n thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t xe t\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y r\u00f5. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trung b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c mua 500g h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea r\u1ebb h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1950, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chi tr\u1ea3 cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi 15 euro, m\u1ed9t pound c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 ba l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng trung b\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong kho\u1ea3ng 26 gi\u1edd – ng\u00e0y nay, theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u1ee9c (IW), ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 19 ph\u00fat l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 mua bia gi\u1ea3m \u00edt h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1eeda l\u00edt (gi\u00e1 32 cent v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea7n 15 ph\u00fat l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 – ng\u00e0y nay ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t 3 ph\u00fat. C\u00e0 ph\u00ea hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 kho\u1ea3ng 1% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1950. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n – ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. B\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 – v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 cho n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, v.v. c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Do \u0111\u00f3, nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi qu\u1ed1c gia ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ed5 sung t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Theo c\u00e1c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, kho\u1ea3ng 70% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch n\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2080. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 25 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n thu nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c Latin America. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e2u g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c C\u00e0 ph\u00ea Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (ICO), b\u1ec7nh r\u1ec9 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea (Hemileia vastatrix) (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00e1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft ch\u00fang) \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 550 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015 v\u00e0 \u0111ang lan r\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9 cao tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m. Con b\u1ecd Broca (Hypothenemus hampei), \u0111ang l\u00e2y lan nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Phi, \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 500 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la M\u1ef9 theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c (FAO). M\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi khi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u00e2y m\u00f9i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khoai t\u00e2y th\u1ed1i, l\u00e0m cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ee5 thu ho\u1ea1ch tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf (gi\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea xanh th\u1ea5p, chi ph\u00ed tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u0103ng) v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (thi\u1ebfu m\u01b0a ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0a qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u) \u0111ang d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t suy gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n

\u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2015, \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd trong m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 50% so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. H\u1ea1n h\u00e1n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n m\u01b0a l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u00f2n l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1, g\u00e2y s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e1, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n l\u1edbn sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho s\u1ef1 suy y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang qua vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ebft sau hai \u0111\u1ebfn ba n\u0103m trong nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 Brasil, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Mexico.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e0 ph\u00ea s\u1ebd tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m xa x\u1ec9 – v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng h\u01a1n trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 che \u0111\u1eady v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng an \u1ee7i \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 “c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng” v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfc l\u00e1 che \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i trong th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i bi\u1ebft th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi rang c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ec1 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecb l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1 FOB (ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n).<\/p>\n

Trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 u\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng – \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00ed h\u1eadu nh\u1ecf, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng, th\u1ee7y v\u0103n, khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t (vi sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t), allelopathy (c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng, bao ph\u1ee7 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, …) v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ea7n tr\u1edf n\u00ean linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed3ng th\u00eam c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng, ban \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3m n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y che b\u00f3ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01a1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai kh\u1ecfi m\u00f2n do m\u01b0a.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n phong c\u00e1ch l\u00ean men, c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra doanh thu t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o h\u01a1n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n th\u00f4ng qua gen r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, l\u00e1 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ho\u1eb7c g\u1ed7 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ea1o ra thu nh\u1eadp b\u1ed5 sung – \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i b\u1eddi m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u1edbi. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t li\u00ean minh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p cho vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng mua c\u00e0 ph\u00ea kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i theo ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 theo c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u01a1ng v<\/p>\n

\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. Quy t\u1eafc l\u00e0: c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb ngon! Ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u00edch cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea5p ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t ch\u00fat trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xem x\u00e9t ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

NGU\u1ed2N THAM KH\u1ea2O:<\/h4>\n

https:\/\/coffee-consulate.com\/en\/blog\/coffee-and-sustainability<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":205,"featured_media":8420,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":""},"categories":[742],"tags":[],"lang":"vi","translations":{"vi":8416},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8416"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/205"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8416"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8416\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8423,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8416\/revisions\/8423"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/8420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8416"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}