{"id":8793,"date":"2024-02-01T16:48:08","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T09:48:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/?p=8793"},"modified":"2024-05-17T13:54:00","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T06:54:00","slug":"thu-nghiem-len-men-lactic-trong-che-bien-uot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/thu-nghiem-len-men-lactic-trong-che-bien-uot\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m l\u00ean men Lactic trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u01b0\u1edbt"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i b\u00e0i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c tu\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc. Trong b\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u\u00a0Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m 700 gi\u1edd l\u00ean men trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb Colombia. Trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ed9t th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men trong\u00a0ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u01b0\u1edbt<\/a><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Hai t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men c\u00e0 ph\u00ea hoang d\u00e3 l\u00e0 n\u1ea5m men v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n axit lactic (Lactic acid bacteria vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft l\u00e0\u00a0<\/strong>LAB*<\/strong>)<\/a>. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, vi khu\u1ea9n sinh axit lactic \u2013 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u1edbn c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i vi khu\u1ea9n chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 glucose th\u00e0nh axit lactic c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0xem th\u00eam t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y<\/a><\/strong><\/em>). Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, LAB t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb th\u01a1m ngon nh\u01b0 este, xeton v\u00e0 aldehyd \u2013 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u01a1ng hoa, tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y, kem v\u00e0 b\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng LAB ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian l\u00ean men t\u1eeb 24 xu\u1ed1ng 12 gi\u1edd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng vi khu\u1ea9n LAB, \u0111i\u1ec3m cupping c\u1ee7a c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 80 \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00ean 88 \u0111i\u1ec3m (de Melo Pereira v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 2016<\/strong><\/a>).<\/p>\n

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\"\"M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic tr\u00ean c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u2013 h\u1ea1t b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea1t<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

C\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng vi khu\u1ea9n lactic trong l\u00ean men c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u201cL\u00ean men Lactic\u201d trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1 \u2013 trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. T\u1eeb s\u1eefa chua cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i rau qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 kim chi kim, d\u01b0a chu\u1ed9t, d\u01b0a c\u1ea3i mu\u1ed1i v.v\u2026 c\u00f3 ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 n\u0103m 2000 tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean (Avey, 2014<\/a><\/strong>).<\/p>\n

D\u00f9 trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0o, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a l\u00ean men lactic \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed (ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 oxi) ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean men \u2013 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn l\u1ecd d\u01b0a mu\u1ed1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 gi\u1eefa lo\u1ea1i \u201cquy tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic\u201d n\u00e0y v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh \u201cl\u00ean men k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed\u201d. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, l\u00ean men l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u201ck\u1ef5 kh\u00ed\u201d v\u00e0 n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t vi sinh v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 \u2013 m\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 l\u00ean men r\u01b0\u1ee3\u1ee5 (n\u1ea5m men l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n sinh ra c\u1ed3n \u2013 trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men bia, r\u01b0\u1ee3u vang,\u2026), l\u00ean men lactic, l\u00ean men probionic \u2013 v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c axit t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem th\u00eam\u00a0c\u01a1 s\u1edf H\u00f3a sinh c\u1ee7a l\u00ean men c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m mu\u1ed1i chua quen thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean men nh\u1edd vi khu\u1ea9n axit lactic<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00ean men lactic, theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ebd h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ea5m men. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m men c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n oxy (nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang sinh s\u00f4i n\u1ea3y n\u1edf nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi oxy). M\u1ee9c oxy th\u1ea5p c\u0169ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ea7n oxy \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi khu\u1ea9n axit axetic (l\u00ean men gi\u1ea5m). M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, vi khu\u1ea9n axit lactic thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m vi sinh v\u1eadt \u201ck\u1ecb kh\u00ed t\u00f9y ngh<\/strong>i<\/a>\u201d \u2013 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3\/ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxi, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 n\u1ea5m men\u00a0Saccharomyces cerevisiae<\/a><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi oxy hay kh\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf oxy s\u1ebd gi\u00fap LAB ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5m men th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t khi c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 oxy, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed v\u00e0 k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n

B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb oxy, b\u1ea1n \u0111ang thu h\u1eb9p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean men. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u LAB c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd hay kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u00e1n th\u00f4i. B\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u1ea5m men c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n sinh axit lactic v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00ean men lactic trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u01b0\u1edbt<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n l\u00ean men lactic c\u00e0 ph\u00ea,\u00a0Lucia Solis<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 chuy\u00ean gia l\u00ean men v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 Latinh, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t m\u1eb9o nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u00e2m rau \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00eam mu\u1ed1i. Mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i n\u1ea5m men v\u00e0 vi khu\u1ea9n. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 \u00edt s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i LAB ch\u1ecbu m\u1eb7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1ea1o ra axit lactic v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u00e1c ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c khi ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m d\u01b0a chua:\u00a0B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ea1ch, cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1t v\u1ecf v\u00e0o, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed9n v\u00e0o 2% mu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a i-\u1ed1t theo tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea<\/strong>. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00ean men m\u1ed9t m\u1ebb c\u00e0 ph\u00ea th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi 8kg qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1t v\u1ecf, th\u00ec n\u00ean th\u00eam 160g mu\u1ed1i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn th\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00edt oxy v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 l\u00ean men cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9 pH \u0111\u1ea1t 3,5<\/strong><\/a>, khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb oxi, vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam mu\u1ed1i theo c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho LAB, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1n \u2013 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh\u00a0l\u00ean men k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed<\/a><\/em><\/strong>\u00a0th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Mu\u1ed1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. Vi khu\u1ea9n axit lactic n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf oxy kh\u1ecfi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean men, vi\u1ec7c th\u00eam mu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 lactic, quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u01b0 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5y men (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ea5m men kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng) \u2013 m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed5 sung, m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m men c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng mu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a i\u1ed1t, v\u00ec i\u1ed1t l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 i\u1ed1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men th\u00ec ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong th\u00f9ng s\u1ebd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i \u2013 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean men.\u00a0<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic \u2013 do t\u00ednh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 b\u1edfi h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a\u00a0Lucia Solis<\/a><\/strong>, so v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng qua b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean men, \u201cC\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u \u0111\u1eadm \u0111\u00e0 h\u01a1n, b\u00e9o h\u01a1n; N\u00f3 c\u0169ng ng\u1ecdt h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb chua d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu \u2013 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb m\u1eb7n c\u1ee7a mu\u1ed1i.\u201d<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao kh\u00f4ng b\u1ed5 sung LAB ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u?<\/strong><\/h2>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u1eebng theo doi Prime m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian -v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc qua c\u00e1c b\u00e0i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1\u00a0l\u00ean men<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng \u201cl\u00ean men k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi sai (v\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang m\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ea5u ngo\u1eb7c k\u00e9p<\/em>), v\u00ec theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00ec\u00a0qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef5 kh\u00ed<\/strong>. V\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef \u201cl\u00ean men lactic\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng LAB \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 chi ph\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men. V\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u201cL\u00ean men Lactic\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u00fang m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01a1n l\u00e0 l\u00ean men c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung vi khu\u1ea9n axit lactic.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mua axit<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u201cl\u00ean men lactic\u201d th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 th\u00eam vi khu\u1ea9n axit lactic v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng men s\u1ebd gi\u00fap n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u2013 v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u00a0gi\u1ed1ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng**<\/a><\/strong>. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c vi sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00e0 xung quanh c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n

N\u1ea5m men c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea5y kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i kh\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, v\u00e0 sau khi kh\u00f4, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 trong nh\u1eefng g\u00f3i men kh\u00f4 nh\u1ecf d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00e1nh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m kh\u00f4 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n theo c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, do \u0111\u00f3, vi khu\u1ea9n nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1nh \u2013 c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed, trong khi \u0111\u00f3 \u201ch\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y n\u1ea5m men s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n\u201d \u2013 theo\u00a0Lucia Solis<\/a><\/strong>. M\u1ed9t khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean men lactic trong c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 \u201clactic\u201d, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u201ck\u1ef5 kh\u00ed\u201d, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ec9 h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra trong b\u1ec3 l\u00ean men.<\/p>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n