{"id":9552,"date":"2024-04-10T09:54:04","date_gmt":"2024-04-10T02:54:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/?p=9552"},"modified":"2024-05-17T13:53:54","modified_gmt":"2024-05-17T06:53:54","slug":"huong-dan-thuc-hien-ghep-cay-ca-phe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/huong-dan-thuc-hien-ghep-cay-ca-phe\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea? Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu v\u1edbi s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh. H\u00e3y t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\" Gilberto Benitez gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea gh\u00e9p t\u1ea1i trang tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i El Salvador. Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/span><\/i><\/a>Maren Barbee via Flickr,<\/i><\/b><\/a>CC BY 2.0<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

GH\u00c9P C\u00c2Y V\u00c0 L\u00dd DO PH\u1ea2I GH\u00c9P C\u00c2Y<\/b><\/h4>\n

Gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p hai c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau <\/span>v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/b>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Ray Taggart, Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd trang tr\u1ea1i c\u00e0 ph\u00ea <\/span>Heavenly Hawaiian<\/b><\/a> \u1edf Kona, Hawaii, trong canh t\u00e1c c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u00ec m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u201ct\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y duy nh\u1ea5t\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ed3ng s\u1ebd g\u1eafn g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y kh\u00e1c. Trong \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y bao g\u1ed3m r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e2n g\u1ed1c. G\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 neo \u0111\u1eadu v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3i c\u00e2y khi c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m th\u00e2n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh. C\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf Finca La Fany, El Salvador. Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/span><\/i>Julio Guevara<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ray, c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p s\u1ebd th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng \u201c\u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n\/s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb phong ph\u00fa c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn\/c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p\u201d. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u00e2y h\u1ecd Arabica v\u00ec h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u00eam d\u1ecbu v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 axit t\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd Liberica \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p nh\u1edd t\u00ednh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb hai h\u1ecd c\u00e2y tr\u00ean.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cVi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebft c\u00e2y. Trong canh t\u00e1c, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng m\u1ecdi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn duy tr\u00ec l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u1edf Finca La Fany, El Salvador. Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/span><\/i><\/a>Julio Guevara<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG THU\u1eacN L\u1ee2I M\u00c0 GH\u00c9P C\u00c2Y MANG L\u1ea0I<\/b><\/h4>\n

Gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng m\u1edbi mang nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u00e2y g\u1ed1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho tr\u00e1i th\u01a1m ngon v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi mang kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng gh\u00e9p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o ch\u1ed7 neo \u0111\u1eadu v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 cho c\u00e2y d\u1ec5 g\u00e3y ho\u1eb7c d\u1ec5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo Ray, \u201cRi\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5. B\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd Liberica c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi Arabica v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec1m h\u00e3m t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u1ea5t khi ch\u00fang \u0103n m\u00f2n b\u1ed9 r\u1ec5 v\u00ec r\u1ec5 Liberica sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 \u0103n m\u00f2n n\u00e0y.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e0 ph\u00ea d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00f9ng th\u1eaft n\u00fat r\u1ec5 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/span><\/i><\/a>Scot Nelson<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

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Cesar Echeverry, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i <\/span>Supracaf\u00e9 Farms<\/b><\/a> cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cgh\u00e9p c\u00e2y nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i cao b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n canh t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 n\u01a1i tr\u1ed3ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ray n\u00f3i th\u00eam: \u201cGi\u1ed1ng Liberica c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap c\u00e2y ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu qua nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 tr\u1ed3ng. Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 kho\u1ebb m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG B\u1ea4T L\u1ee2I C\u1ee6A C\u00c2Y GH\u00c9P<\/b><\/h4>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c h\u01a1n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u01a1n t\u1eeb ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTh\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ef9 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n cao. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2y v\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 20%, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed 40-50% \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNgo\u00e0i ra c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 2 c\u00e2y g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p, do v\u1eady n\u1ebfu h\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n gh\u00e9p ra 1000 c\u00e2y, t\u00ednh c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng y\u1ebfu, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ed3ng t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 3000 c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m c\u00e2y g\u1ed1c.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Theo Ray, \u201cTuy s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 th\u00ec gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m cho ph\u00ed v\u00ec gi\u00fap t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu cho c\u00e2y kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n, \u00e1p l\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ecfi s\u00e2u h\u1ea1i g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh trong \u0111\u1ea5t.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea t\u1ea1i Finca La Fany, El Salvador. Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/span><\/i><\/a>Julio Guevara<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

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CHI TI\u1ebeT V\u1ec0 C\u00c1CH TH\u1ee8C GH\u00c9P C\u00c2Y C\u00c0 PH\u00ca<\/b><\/h4>\n

Vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0o kh\u00e2u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t cao n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c<\/span><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p cho d\u00f9 c\u00f3 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch gi\u1eefa g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sai th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c\/v\u00e0 c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. C\u00e2y gh\u00e9p c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 nhi\u1ec5m s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/span><\/p>\n

Cesar n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"C\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea non \u1edf Finca La Fany, El Salvador. Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/span><\/i><\/a>Julio Guevara<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y l\u00e0 cho c\u00e0 ph\u00ea n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m trong ch\u1eadu \u01b0\u01a1m. Theo Ray, tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u00e2y con ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u00e2y l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111em \u0111i gh\u00e9p. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0, c\u00e2y gi\u1ed1ng Liberica n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc Arabica v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1edd h\u1ea1t n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i trong kho\u1ea3ng 50 ng\u00e0y.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gh\u00e9p khi gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0i inch. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Ray, gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y khi ch\u00fang c\u00f2n non s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t, song, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 s\u1edbm. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn gh\u00e9p m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0y v\u1edbi th\u00e2n c\u00e2y gi\u1eefa.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 g\u1ed1c gh\u00e9p ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p. Sau \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd d\u00f9ng k\u1eb9p gh\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c b\u0103ng gh\u00e9p c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c s\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i hai m\u1ed1i c\u1eaft l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u1eb9p ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0ng b\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef ch\u00fang c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh khi \u0111an hai \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p non \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Cesar n\u00f3i: \u201cNhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m c\u1ee7a c\u00e0nh gh\u00e9p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p gh\u00e9p. [Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c] qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hydrat h\u00f3a, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y gh\u00e9p.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Ray n\u00f3i: \u201cSau khi v\u1ebft gh\u00e9p l\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i, \u1edf \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e2y s\u1ebd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebft gh\u00e9p. N\u1ebfu 100 n\u0103m sau th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra v\u1ec1 gen di truy\u1ec1n, r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9p khi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 100% Liberica v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ng\u1ecdn l\u00e0 100% Arabica.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"C\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gh\u00e9p. Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/span><\/i><\/a>Maren Barbee via Flickr,<\/i><\/b><\/a>CC BY 2.0<\/i><\/b><\/a><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bth\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu \u00edch cho nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e0 ph\u00ea.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2y gh\u00e9p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng s\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao h\u01a1n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u00edch t\u1eeb b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1edbi Cesar Echeverry (d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb Ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u01b0u \u00fd: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eeb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b\u200b\u200bc\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ngay t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t, gi\u1ed1ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, v.v. c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft:<\/i><\/b><\/h4>\n

Miguel Angel Hernandez. 23\/09\/2019.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/perfectdailygrind.com\/2019\/09\/a-guide-to-grafting-coffee-plants\/<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5y gh\u00e9p c\u00e2y c\u00e0 ph\u00ea? Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":205,"featured_media":9561,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":""},"categories":[742],"tags":[],"lang":"vi","translations":{"vi":9552},"pll_sync_post":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9552"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/205"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9552"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9552\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9565,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9552\/revisions\/9565"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9552"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9552"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/olphs.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9552"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}